Alan Turing

Alan Turing invented the Turing Machine, a machine that could perform computations. He also helped decode the encryption of German Enigma machines during World War II. Not only that but some of his minor contributions include taking the first steps toward artificial intelligence and creating the "Turing Test." This was a test to see if an AI could fool a human into thinking that it was a human too.

Education:
Alan Turing went to the University of Cambridge to study mathematics. He also got a Ph.D. at Princeton University.